![]() The following are photos of an old-fashioned Vespasiano, or public urinal, still in use in the tiny town Morcone, province of Benevento. Today the Latin phrase is used to mean that the value of money is not tainted by its origins and even though public urinals have become a rarity, to this day they are still known in Italy as Vespasiani (Vespasians). With the introduction of public urinals, the liquid waste could be collected and sold as a source of ammonia, which was used for tanning leather and by launderers to clean the patricians’ white woolen togas. Up until then, Romans had simply urinated into pots that were emptied into cesspools. (The first public toilets ever, by the way, were introduced by Vespasian in 74 A.D). His famous aphorism “ Pecunia non olet” (Money does not smell) refers to the terse response he gave to his son Titus, who was complaining about the unpleasant nature of the Urine Tax his father had imposed on the product of the city’s urinals. 71-90.Not a lot is known about the Emperor Vespasian’s life and brief rule, except that he was a highly competent general who built the gigantic Flavian Amphitheatre, better known as the Roman Colosseum. 39), Emerald Publishing Limited, Bingley, pp. (2019), " Pecunia non olet but Does Rose Money Smell? On Rose Oil Prices and Moral Economy in Isparta, Turkey", The Politics and Ethics of the Just Price ( Research in Economic Anthropology, Vol. This paper draws on research that has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013)/ERC Grant agreement no. As usual the author is responsible for any shortcomings. Sincere thanks are due to the rose growers and rose oil processors and Gülbirlik as well as colleagues at the Süleyman Demirel University in Isparta, who have supported the research wholeheartedly. Further thanks go to Chris Hann, James Carrier, Bruce Grant, Alessandro Testa, Deema Kaneff, and two anonymous reviewers for useful suggestions, critique, and improvements on the paper. The author would like to thank Peter Luetchford and Giovanni Orlando for their thorough editorial assistance and suggestions, also colleagues at the Max Planck Institute in Halle, in Pardubice and Warsaw for their comments and discussion. A subsequent version has been published within the Working Paper Series of the Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology (no. KeywordsĮarlier versions of this paper have been presented at the Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, the Universities of Pardubice and of Warsaw and also at the Conference of the European Association of Social Anthropologists (EASA) in July 2016, at a panel organized by Peter Luetchford and Giovanni Orlando. Findings are provisional and the research is on-going, but the discourse on just prices clearly suggests that value judgments are embedded in and implicitly critical of capitalist markets. Through careful observation of payment and price formation procedures, the paper raises issues concerning the moral economy of price formation. Although prices are seen as good, there are concerns about overproduction and fierce competition between the rose oil firms to buy the harvest, hence pushing up rose prices and, leading to a crash in rose oil prices on the world market. Prices and production have been steadily increasing since 2010. The market actors for rose oil are global cosmetic and local processing firms and almost all rose oil from Isparta is exported. Farmers have been engaging in rose cultivation for over a century and rose oil production is considered to be a traditional industry. This second edition of Pecunia non olet contains five expansion modules that can be combined with the base game. This paper investigates rose and rose oil production in the province of Isparta, Turkey, with reference to the discourses on and procedures of price formation.
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